One characteristic that can help you distinguish between types of fungi is the shape of the fruiting bodies on the fungi.
So your answer is D.
I hope this helps! :)
~ erudite
Answer:
All the given statements are correct except b.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of a microorganism to grow in the presence of drug or a chemical that would normally limit its growth or kill it.
It makes it difficult for the existing drugs to eliminate the infection as they become less effective against the microbe.
There are five major mechanisms by which a microbe attains resistance against antimicrobial chemical or drug:
- Drug modification or inactivation: A microbial enzyme inactivates the antimicrobial agent. For example, few bacteria produce β-lactamases which provide multi-resistance against β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc.
- Alteration or modification of target site: An altered target site prevents the antimicrobial agent from binding to its target. For example, alteration of penicillin binding protein (PBP) in Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA).
- Alteration of metabolic pathway: The microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent the blocked pathway. For example, sulfonamides-resistant bacteria started using preformed folic acid in place of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
- Decreased drug accumulation: Microbial efflux pumps remove the antimicrobial agent (before it could do any damage) by pumping it out of the cell.
- Decrease in cell permeability: The permeability of the microbial envelope to the antimicrobial agent is decreased
Answer:
What little is known is that the Earth's magnetic field creates the so-called A "magnetic shield" that protects against other dangerous forms of radiation, namely cosmic rays and solar wind.
While there is no danger of losing the Earth's gravitational field, the Earth's magnetic field is declining faster than any other geophysical phenomenon. This continuous loss of the Earth's magnetic field, and the associated increase in harmful radiation, are beyond human control.
In addition to the growing problems of Earth's environment, there are other conclusions that can be drawn from the weakening of its magnetic field:
1) C-14 carbon dating should be reconsidered;
2) There is an age restriction for both the Earth's magnetic field and the Earth itself.
Explanation:
Electromagnetism is a branch of classical physics that investigates the causes and interconnections of electrical and magnetic phenomena, explains the light phenomena and laws of optics, and all other types of electromagnetic waves.
The development of electromagnetism began in the early 19th century with the experiments of HC Ørsted and M. Faraday. reached in A. Einstein's special theory of relativity.
On a global scale, two important force fields connect to planet Earth: Earth's gravitational field and Earth's magnetic field. The gravitational field draws us towards the earth, keeping us from flying into space at Earth's rotation. It also prevents the atmosphere from leaving our planet. The atmosphere, on the other hand, provides protection against some types of cosmic healing. For example, ozone in the atmosphere protects from ultraviolet rays, a deadly form of radiation.
Answer:
Synthetic rubber.
Explanation:
Polymerization can be defined as a type of chemical reaction in which molecules that are relatively small in size chemically combine to form a huge chain of molecules.
Simply stated, polymerization refers to a chemical reaction where two or more smaller molecules react to produce larger molecules of the same network or repetitive structural units.
In polymerization, the relatively small molecules are generally referred to as monomers while the larger molecules they produce are known as polymers.
Butanol was used in the production of synthetic (artificial) rubber through a fermentation process.
Red blood cell is shaped as a biconcave discs, this shape allows them to squeeze through small capillaries.
The biconcave shape of the cell allows oxygen exchange at a constant rate over the largest possible area. The biconcave shape increases the cell's surface area compared to a flat disk of the same size. The greater surface area makes it easier for gases to move into and out of the red blood cell.
The biconcave shape provides a large surface area compared to the volume of the red blood cell, allowing diffusion to happen efficiently. This shape optimizes the ratio of surface area to volume, facilitating gas exchange. It also enables them to fold up as they move through narrow blood vessels.
To learn more about biconcave discs ,here
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