DNA is essentially a storage molecule. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of DNA made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life.
The instructions stored within DNA are read and processed by a cell in two steps: transcription and translation. Each of these steps is a separate biochemical process involving multiple molecules. During transcription, a portion of the cell's DNA serves as a template for creation of an RNA molecule. (RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is chemically similar to DNA, except for three main differences described later on in this concept page.) In some cases, the newly created RNA molecule is itself a finished product, and it serves an important function within the cell. In other cases, the RNA molecule carries messages from the DNA to other parts of the cell for processing. Most often, this information is used to manufacture proteins. The specific type of RNA that carries the information stored in DNA to other areas of the cell is called messenger RNA, or mRNA.
How does transcription proceed?
Transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA template strand and begins assembling a new chain of nucleotides to produce a complementary RNA strand. There are multiple types of types of RNA. In eukaryotes, there are multiple types of RNA polymerase which make the various types of RNA. In prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase makes all types of RNA. Generally speaking, polymerases are large enzymes that work together with a number of other specialized cell proteins. These cell proteins, called transcription factors, help determine which DNA sequences should be transcribed and precisely when the transcription process should occur.
From what i have learned or at least i remember its true
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The selection that acts over evolutionary time to preserve traits that increase an individual's ability to mate is known as se_xual selection.
<h3>What is se_xual selection?</h3>
The expression 'se_xual selection' makes reference to the type of evolutionary constraint on the individual's ability to mate.
Se_xual selection is fundamental to increase the genetic variation and thus enhance adaptive chances.
Se_xual selection can be considered a special type of natural selection that acts at an individual level.
Learn more about se_xual selection here:
brainly.com/question/3603359
The right answer for the question that is being asked and shown above is that: "b. Archaeopteryx fossils share traits with both birds and reptiles."
Sorry its a very long answer-
1.) Failure to maintain the rule of law
The government's repeated failures to bring levels of violent crime under control contributed to an environment which saw people resort to violence without fear of arrest or successful prosecution.
2.) Border control
3.) Corruption
4.) Employment
5.) Education
This has been government's biggest failure and carries much of the blame for the high unemployment levels. It is arguable whether current state education is in its totality any better than that under apartheid. Only 1% of black matriculants achieve a good HG maths pass.
The education system is a good example where policy failures in one area compounded those in another.
6.) Slowing economic growth
7.) Foreign policy
8.) Service delivery
9.) Race relations
