Answer: Price ceilings are beneficial to society, and are often necessary, in that they make sure that essential goods are financially accessible to the average person, at least in the short run. By lowering costs, price ceilings also have the beneficial effect of helping to stimulate demand, which can contribute to the health of an economy.
However, there can also be downsides to price ceilings. While they stimulate demand, price ceilings can also cause shortages. Where the ceiling is set, there is more demand than at the equilibrium price. This means that the amount of the good or service supplied is less than the quantity demanded.
For example: in agriculture, medicine, and education, many governments set maximum prices to make the needed goods or services more affordable. Producers may respond to such an economic situation by rationing supplies, decreasing production levels or lowering the quality of production, making the consumer pay extra for otherwise free elements of the good (features, options, etc.), and more.
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