Answer:
Non-probability sampling: In non-probability sampling, the researcher chooses members for research at random. This sampling method is not a fixed or predefined selection process. This makes it difficult for all elements of a population to have equal opportunities to be included in a sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
Uses of non-probability sampling
Non-probability sampling is used for the following:
Create a hypothesis: Researchers use the non-probability sampling method to create an assumption when limited to no prior information is available. This method helps with the immediate return of data and builds a base for further research.
Exploratory research: Researchers use this sampling technique widely when conducting qualitative research, pilot studies, or exploratory research.
Budget and time constraints: The non-probability method when there are budget and time constraints, and some preliminary data must be collected. Since the survey design is not rigid, it is easier to pick respondents at random and have them take the survey or questionnaire.
How do you decide on the type of sampling to use?
For any research, it is essential to choose a sampling method accurately to meet the goals of your study. The effectiveness of your sampling relies on various factors. Here are some steps expert researchers follow to decide the best sampling method.
Jot down the research goals. Generally, it must be a combination of cost, precision, or accuracy.
Identify the effective sampling techniques that might potentially achieve the research goals.
Test each of these methods and examine whether they help in achieving your goal.
Select the method that works best for the research.
Select your respondents
Difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling methods
We have looked at the different types of sampling methods above and their subtypes. To encapsulate the whole discussion, though, the significant differences between probability sampling methods and non-probability sampling methods are as below:
Probability Sampling Methods Non-Probability Sampling Methods
Definition Probability Sampling is a sampling technique in which samples from a larger population are chosen using a method based on the theory of probability. Non-probability sampling is a sampling technique in which the researcher selects samples based on the researcher’s subjective judgment rather than random selection.
Alternatively Known as Random sampling method. Non-random sampling method
Population selection The population is selected randomly. The population is selected arbitrarily.
Nature The research is conclusive. The research is exploratory.
Sample Since there is a method for deciding the sample, the population demographics are conclusively represented. Since the sampling method is arbitrary, the population demographics representation is almost always skewed.
Time Taken Takes longer to conduct since the research design defines the selection parameters before the market research study begins. This type of sampling method is quick since neither the sample or selection criteria of the sample are undefined.
Results This type of sampling is entirely unbiased and hence the results are unbiased too and conclusive. This type of sampling is entirely biased and hence the results are biased too, rendering the research speculative.
Hypothesis In probability sampling, there is an underlying hypothesis before the study begins and the objective of this method is to prove the hypothesis. In non-probability sampling, the hypothesis is derived after conducting the research study.