When it is too hot or cold or too wet or dry, the trees grow more slowly and rings are much thinner.
The heliocentric theory of the universe differed from the geocentric theory is that the heliocentric theory put the Sun in the middle of the Universe, whereas the geocentric theory put the Earth in the center, which was the go-to theory for the Church throughout a great deal of history.
Can you take the picture with flash? we can not read it