I would say that the statement which is correct about the differences between short stories and novels is A. an effective short story is carefully crafted to achieve its purpose with fewer words than is a novel.
Novels are usually quite long, and you don't have to limit yourself to any number of words, whereas with short stories, you have to think about how many words you will use, and use them effectively.
I do believe the answer is b. introductions. why? well because an exposition is where everything is introduced. the characters, the setting, the time, etc.
Answer: if they were baptized.
One of the main beliefs of Christianity is that humans are born sinful, as they have inherited the guilt of the original sin of Eve. When children are born, they need to undergo baptism in order to signal their allegiance to the Church. People who are baptized are accepting the existence of God. When a child dies without being baptized, he cannot join God in heaven. He also will not resurrect in the day of the Final Judgement. This is part of the reason why medieval theologians were so concerned with the baptism of children.