Answer:
It is called the Chloroplast.
Explanation:
"In plants, photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll. Chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane and contain a third inner membrane, called the thylakoid membrane, that forms long folds within the organelle."
A colorimetric method based on tetrazolium salts (e.g., MTT, XTT, CCK-8/WST-8) are especially useful for assaying the quantification of viable cells.
https://www.creative-bioarray.com/support/colorimetric-cell-viability-assay.htm
Answer: the factors that increase cardiac output include:
--> Nervous stimulation and
--> Hypertrophy of the heart.
Explanation:
Cardiac output can be defined as the quantity of blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart. This is also the quantity of blood that flows through the circulation. There are factors that can cause increased cardiac output or that can lead to a hypereffective heart. They are:
--> NERVOUS STIMULATION: The combination of sympathetic stimulation and parasympathetic inhibition does two things to increase the pumping effectiveness or cardiac output of the heart. These include:
• it greatly increase the heart rate from the normal level of 72 beats/mum up to 180 to 200 beats /mom.
• it increases the strength of heart contraction, which is called increased contractility to twice it's normal strength.
--> HYPERTROPHY OF THE HEART: A long term increased workload, but not so much excess load that it damages the heart, causes the heart muscle to increase in mass and contractile strength in the same way that heavy exercise causes skeletal muscles to hypertrophy. This effect of increased muscle mass of the heart, allows the heart to pump much greater than usual amounts of cardiac output.
Gastric analysis can be used to measure the amount of hydrochloric acid under baseline and stimulated conditions.
Answer:
Basic characteristics of Sponges:
Sponges belong to phylum porifera. They are simple multi-cellular aquatic animals. They have pores in their body thats why they look like sponge we use in kitchen. These pores are known as ostia. The body cavity is known as spongocoel, which open to out side through large pore known as osculum. Their body is composed of two layers, choanocyte and pinacocyte. Choanocytes are flagellated cells having spikes which help in movement of water into body and aid in capturing of food particles. The skeleton is made up of calcium carbonate or silica. A jelly like substance called as mesoglea is present between pinacocyte and choanoderm.
<span>General characteristics of Archeocyathans:
</span> The term archeocyathans is a Greek word for "ancient cup". They have a single common ancestor and became one of the planet first reef animals. S<span>pecies of archeocyathans is divided into two classes, six orders, 12 suborders, 120 families and nearly 300 genera. They are associated with carbonate sedimentation.They generally lived in shallow water with photic zone. Their fossils often co-occured with fossils of cyanobacteria. </span><span>These are marine organisms whose fossils record dated back to late Precambrian and early Cambrian period. They are most closely resemble to calcareous sponges. Their structure s are conical or tubular in shape and superficially resembles horn reefs. They have world wide distribution and found in Australia, Antartica, Spain, Cubec, New york and California,</span>
