The Golgi apparatus deals with packing of the cell!
Answer:
Explanation:
An epitope (antigen determinants) is the part of an antigen that interacts with antibodies.
Epitopes bind to antibody molecules via T-cell receptors in a region known as complementarity determining region (CDR) and the Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) participates in this by forming complexes with peptides. The MHC helps the T-cell to recognise epitopes of antigens and discriminate self from non-self.
The MHC, T-cell works together to bring about the binding of epitopes to antibody molecules.
The main function of MHC molecules is to bind to antigens derived from pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T-cells.
It should be noted that the amino acid sequence of the CDR determines the shape of the binding sites of the T-cell and the antibody that can be bound by an epitope.
The consequences of the interactions are;
1. MHC-peptide complex helps T-cell receptors bind to epitopes and thus antibodies
2. The shape of the binding sites (CDR) determines the antibodies that can be attacked any abnormalities at this point will affect the adaptive immune system.
Answer:
pH & Temperatures
Explanation:
pH affects the charges of the functional amino side groups of the amino acids that make up the protein of the enzymes – through changes in ionization. These charges are significant in maintaining the shape of the protein enzyme through forces of attractions such as hydrogen and sulfide bonds. Changes in charges affect these bonds hence denature the protein.
Temperature does not change the charges of the side groups but breaks these same bonds. This happens by giving these molecules high kinetic energy enough to escape the forces of the bonds – hence denaturing the protein enzyme.
Another difference is that protists<span> belong to the kingdom </span>Protista<span>, while </span>bacteria<span> are members of the Monera kingdom. </span>Bacteria<span> are uni-cellular organisms that do </span>not<span> contain organelles like a nucleus or chloroplasts.
if this helps </span>
