Answer:
Initiation is the beginning of transcription. It occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ''read'' the bases in one of the DNA strands. The enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mRNA with a complementary sequence of bases.
Explanation:
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Answer:
They require light, and their net effect is to convert water molecules into oxygen, while producing ATP molecules—from ADP and Pi—and NADPH molecules—via reduction of NADP+. ATP and NADPH are produced on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, where they can be used by the Calvin cycle.
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Answer:
Ambulacraria
Explanation:
Ambulacraria or Coelomopora is an invertebrate clade that encompasses the Echinodermata and Hemichordata within the deuterostomies. This grouping is considered Chordata's sister taxon because it has a common ancestor.
The phylum Chordata is considered the last within the evolutionary range and comprises all vertebrates and some invertebrates such as amphioxus and tunicates. The main feature of this phylum is the presence of notochord in at least one of its embryonic phases. In vertebrates, the notochord will later make room for the Vertebral Column.
Answer:
Explanation:
Just as there are three planes of motion, there are three axes of rotation: the anterior-posterior axis, the mediolateral axis, and the longitudinal axis
