Cell membrane is the answer
Complete question:
You hang a swing from a live tree branch that is roughly parallel to the ground. What will likely happen over time as the tree grows? Check All That Apply
- The swing will move farther away from the tree trunk.
- The swing will move up. away from the ground.
- The swing will remain in its original position.
- The swing's ropes will become embedded in the branch.
Answer:
The swing's ropes will become embedded in the branch.
Explanation:
The trunk or branch strangulation sadly occurs very often. When people tie a young tree with different materials, such as a rope, or a cable, or a wire, and leave it there, the leash will eventually strangulate the tree.
Strangulation occurs because the tree keeps growing, applying pressure on the leash. The vascular system is in the trunk perimeter under the crust. Through the years, the pressure increases, the trunk is even more strangulated, and the vascular system is affected. One of the first and principal effects of strangulation is the increase in the trunk or branch diameter over the leash. This diameter change is because elements of the sap can not go back to the roots and keep near the strangulation. At this point, there are two options:
- The tree can sort this by including the leash in its tissues, surrounding and absorbing it, and keep growing normally
or
- The vascular system is so affected that the tree can not sort this problem and so, those parts of the tree located over the leash dye.
<em>In the exposed example, it seems that the tree could make it and included the swing's ropes in the branch. </em>
Answer:
A proton gradient is generated by the transport of protons into the thylakoid lumen.
Protons move from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma through ATP synthase, producing ATP.
Explanation:
During photosynthesis, the environment is made acidic inside the lumen i.e. H⁺ are pumped into thylakoid lumen from stroma as a result of which more H⁺ are present in the thylakoid lumen as compared to stroma. It happens during light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. The concentration of H⁺ is already higher in lumen and transfer of more and more H⁺ from stroma increases the concentration of H⁺ even more leading to generation of a potential gradient. These H⁺ subsequently tend to move freely from lumen to stroma via "reverse pumps known as ATP synthase". The reason why these are known as reverse pumps is because pumps usually move particles from lower to higher concentration which is an active movement i.e. not natural so such movement requires energy. Naturally particles move from higher to lower concentration gradient until the concentration becomes equal on both the sides but pumps act opposite of this natural process and move particles from lower to higher concentration and utilize energy to do it. But here H⁺ are moving from higher to lower concentration which occurs naturally so ATP synthase rather than using energy tend to generate energy and this free energy is used to generate ATP from ADP & Pi (inorganic phosphate).
