Answer:
Cost of the cleaning, C is the dependent variable
Area of the carpet, a is the independent variable
Step-by-step explanation:
cost of the cleaning is calculated from the area of the carpets
C= the cost of the cleaning a= the area of the carpets.
Cost of the cleaning, C is the dependent variable
Area of the carpet, a is the independent variable
A dependent variable is a variable which depends on other factors to exist. They take their values based on other factors. Their value is changed as a result of a change in independent variable
An independent variable is a variable which does not change as a result of the change in other factors. They take their values irrespective of external factors around them.
Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
What is unmeasured cofounding?
- By definition, an unmeasured confounder is a variable that is connected to both the exposed and the result and could explain the apparent observed link.
- The validity of interpretation in observational studies is threatened by unmeasured confounding. The use of negative control group to reduce unmeasured confounding has grown in acceptance and popularity in recent years.
Although they've been utilised mostly for bias detection, negative controls have a long history in laboratory sciences and epidemiology of ruling out non-causal causes. A pair of negative control exposure and outcome variables can be utilised to non-parametrically determine the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational data that is vulnerable to uncontrolled confounding, according to a recent study by Miao and colleagues.
Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
Learn more about unmeasured confounding here:
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Answer:
x=−y−1
Step-by-step explanation:
y=−x−1
Step 1: Flip the equation.
−x−1=y
Step 2: Add 1 to both sides.
−x−1+1=y+1
−x=y+1
Step 3: Divide both sides by -1.
−x
−1
=
y+1
−1
x=−y−1
6x+12y-6z+7x7y-28z= 13x+19y-34z
