John Brown fought for civil rights in the court room. But Rosa Parks did it on a bus. They both did these things for civil rights.
Question Options:
1) punishment by the removal of a reinforcer (comfortable toilet seat)
2) punishment by the presentation of an aversive condition
3) reinforcement by the presentation of a reinforcer
4) reinforcement by the removal of a reinforcing condition.
Answer: punishment by the presentation of an aversive condition
Explanation: Contingency is an occurrence that happens by chance.
While an aversive condition is the use of a punishment to stop a behaviour.
So, in relation to the question, whenever the professor hops from his seat, he gets pinched because the toilet seat is cracked, this can be related to aversive conditioning.
Depends on what you think...
if you think rewards make people more likely to follow the norms of society then it could be because they get something out of it and it is some sort of bribery or motivation,
if you think punishments make people more likely to follow the norms of society, it could be because they don't want the punishment and it is threatening.
the practice of absolute monarchy