True basket ball was invented in 1891 while vollyball was in 1895
Either oxygen or carbon dioxide.
The cells need oxygen for metabolism, which creates carbon dioxide as a waste product. The carbon dioxide is absorbed from the cells by the blood plasma (some of it binds to hemoglobin too) and is transported back to the lungs in the bloodstream.
D.
It is important to include all of those elements in any fitness program.