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Arisa [49]
3 years ago
13

HURRY PLEASE. List the four types of organic compounds found in all living things and explain why they are important.

Biology
1 answer:
Komok [63]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Explanation:

Four organic molecules make up all of the life on Earth. Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen chemically linked to one another in long chains, with carbon as the backbone and hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms. These atoms' ability to attach to one another allows for the creation of innumerable compounds conducive to life. All organisms need four types of organic molecules: nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids; life cannot exist if any of these molecules are missing.

Nucleic Acids

The nucleic acids are DNA and RNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, respectively. They make the proteins that are present in almost every structure and perform almost every function in your body. DNA has a twisted ladder-like form, while RNA has many different shapes, depending on its function. DNA typically remains within the center, or nucleus, of a cell; RNA can travel throughout the cell to where it is needed. The backbones of both substances consist of alternating molecules of phosphate and sugar. Nucleotide bases make up the "rungs" attached to the backbone. Of the two types of nucleic acids, DNA is more stable, making it less likely to be broken down than RNA. Your genes are made up of DNA, and each gene provides the code for making a specific protein. RNA helps DNA to make these proteins.

Proteins

Proteins are probably the most versatile of all the organic molecules, making up many structures and executing various functions within organisms. Building blocks called amino acids make up proteins. About 20 different amino acids combine to form all of the various types of proteins on Earth. These amino acids all have almost the exact same composition; the only difference is the R group, which differs in each of the amino acids and gives them their uniqueness. When a protein is made, the protein comes together one amino acid at a time within the ribosome -- a structure that houses protein synthesis. Proteins have four levels of structure: The primary structure is the bonding of amino acids to one another; the secondary structure refers to the folds in certain areas within the protein; the tertiary structure is the ultimate three-dimensional look of the protein; and the quaternary structure consists of smaller protein subunits chemically bonded together to form a larger protein.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates comprise the largest number of organic molecules in organisms. Basically, carbohydrates are sugars; their origin can be traced to photosynthesis, the process by which organisms such as plants use sunlight to transform carbon dioxide and water into food. The simplest sugar is glucose, a molecule used to provide fuel for many types of organisms, including humans. The sugars found in foods include: fructose in fruits, galactose in milk, maltose in vegetables and sucrose in table sugar. The starch found in whole grains and vegetables is a complex carbohydrate made of chains of simpler glucose molecules. Your body contains an enzyme called amylase, which breaks down carbohydrates in the food you eat into glucose, which your cells can use as energy.

Lipids

Lipids, perhaps better known as fats, come in different forms in your body and contain the most energy of all the organic compounds. When your body burns lipids for fuel, you get more energy than if you burned the other organic molecules. In your body, fats perform many functions, taking the form of phospholipids and cholesterol, both important components of cell membranes; waxes that provide plants and animals with a protective layer; hormones that signal different functions in your body; vitamins that aid in different cell functions; and steroids, which are important in a number of physiological processes. Fats from animals tend to be more viscous than fats from plants.

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Match the biological structure with its metaphorical equivalent Question 5 options: Movie Authors Words Chapter variations Scrip
liberstina [14]

1. Nucleotides: A phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base are the three components of a nucleotide. Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA. Instead of thymine, uracil is found in RNA. The genetic material of all known living creatures is made up of nucleotides in a chain.

2. Genes:  A gene is a small segment of a lengthy DNA double helix molecule that consists of a linear base pair sequence. A gene is any portion of DNA that contains instructions that allow a cell to generate a specific product – usually a protein, such as an enzyme – that performs a single specified action.

3. A locus (plural loci) is a stable location on a chromosome where a certain gene or genetic marker can be found.

4.  At a genomic region, an allele is one of two or more variations of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of nucleotides).

5.  Chromosomes are thread-like structures found within the nucleus of both animal and plant cells. Protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid make up each chromosome (DNA). DNA is passed along from parents to children and carries the precise instructions that distinguish each living thing.

6.  Karyotype: A karyotype is a individual's entire set of chromosomes. A laboratory-produced representation of a person's chromosomes extracted from an individual cell and arranged in numerical order is also known as a chromosomal map. A karyotype can be used to check for chromosomal number or structural problems.

8. Genotype: An organism's genotype is its genetic makeup. From embryonic development to adulthood, the genotype determines an individual's inherited potentials and limitations. In se×ually reproducing organisms, a person's genotype is made up of the whole set of genes acquired from both parents.

9. Phenotype: Physical traits are described by phenotypes. It encompasses both apparent (such as hair or eye color) and measured characteristics (like height or weight). Characteristics relevant to your development and behavior, such as personality traits, are also referred to as phenotypes.

For more information regarding genotype, visit:

brainly.com/question/22117

#SPJ1

4 0
1 year ago
Which of the following changes in aging skin contribute to increased susceptibility to infections? Select all that apply. decrea
Luba_88 [7]

Answer:

The answer is langerhans cells.

Explanation:

The first option is false. Melanocytes are cells that are responsible for the production of melanin throughout the skin of the body which affects the skin color.

The second option is also false. The Sebaceous glands are located at the end of the hairs on the skin and are responsible for producing oil throughout.

The third option is correct because langerhans cells are responsible for producing antigen throughout the skin and they are a part of the skin's immune system.

I hope this answer helps.

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
And like someone gets cancer from UV rays, can it be passed down to their children
Fofino [41]
In some cases, skin cancers are hereditary and an increased risk of developing the disease can be passed from parent to child. If members of the same or multiple members being diagnosed the chance it being passed down to your children is higher.

Hope this helps:)
3 0
11 months ago
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Life functions are performed at many levels of biological organization. Which level of biological organization is the simplest l
stiv31 [10]
I believe the answer you are looking for has to do with cells, they are the basic building block of life and are the smallest life that can support itself.
5 0
2 years ago
Drag each label to the correct location.
cluponka [151]

Answer:

The geosphere or geosphere is the internal and solid part of the Earth that is composed of three concentric layers called crust, mantle and nucleus. Without the geosphere, human beings cannot live on the planet, since there is no solid ground. In the Earth's geosphere are rocks, minerals, magma, sand and mountains.

This layer interacts with the other layers of the earth system, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, and is in a state of constant motion; Sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks within the Earth's geosphere undergo continuous recycling.

It is said that the Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago from the collision of meteoric debris that created the solar system. Due to the constant collisions during its formation, the initial temperature of the planet was extremely high; It was all molten matter.

But during the next phase of Earth's formation there was a cooling, and with it, the differentiation of the Earth's layers. Dense materials sank in the center, forming a core rich in iron and nickel. The lighter magma rose to the surface, forming the thickest layer of the Earth called the mantle.

Eventually, the outermost magma cooled to form the thin layer we call Earth's crust.

4 0
3 years ago
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