<u>Answer for question 1</u>
Two of the reasons the United States finally decided to join the war on the side of the Allies were:
- Germany broke his promises of suspending unrestricted submarine warfare in the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean on February 1, 1917. And two days later they provoked the sinking of the American cargo ship <em>Housatonic</em>.
- The <em>Zimmermann Telegram</em> was intercepted and deciphered by British code breakers and later sent to the U.S. on February 20 of the same year, and released to the media on 28th. The telegram was a secret message in which the German foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmermann, proposed Mexico an alliance in the case of war between the U.S. and Germany, promising Mexico financial and territorial rewards for its support.
<u>Answer for question 2</u><u> </u>
Woodrow Wilson's plan for world peace was called "The Fourteen Points".
The Fourteen Points speech, given on January 8, 1918, was a statement that set out fourteen separate points describing the essential elements and proposals for a peaceful settlement in WW1.
Its main goal was to achieve peace between nations by bringing justice to all nationalities, which included to not treat too harshly the defeated <em>Central Powers. </em>
Some of the proposals stated in the peace plan included: to eliminate the general causes of the war (Disarmament, free trade, freedom of the seas, the adoption of open diplomacy in Europe instead of secret agreements, etc.), the evacuation of the <em>Central Power</em> from the countries invaded during the war, the <em>League of Nations</em> (a peace-keeping organization to guarantee the political and territorial independence of countries) and the establishment of the conditions for the Armistice that brought an end to World War I.
Two of the reasons the plan failed:
- England, France, and Italy disagreed in some of the Fourteen Point's proposals since their intention after the war was to regain what they had lost by harshly punishing Germany, through <em>The Treaty of Versailles</em>, in which Germany was forced to sign.
- Even though, Wilson campaigned throughout the U.S. trying to convince Americans to accept to be part of the <em>League of Nations</em>, the Senate and American people never accepted. They believed that such foreign participation could lead them into another war.
Answer:
The Truman Doctrine that ruled the United States to foreign policy was based on the American diplomat George F. Kennan's strategy of containment. It was made to stop the spread of Communism in the world (communicated by Truman in March 29, 1947) during the Cold War. It's a military policy to contain the communist expansion of soviet union without a nuclear war. Truman hoped to stop the spread of communism, limiting the system to countries in which it already existed.
George F. Kennan was an American diplomat. He was an expert in Russian affairs because he lived in Russia and was knowledgeable of its culture, history, and ways of living. Kennan knew the Soviet Union hated communism because it was from their origins of not liking foreigners, along with not giving people the right to see the world how they wanted. There wasn't much freedom for them. Kennan aided in getting money to keep capitalist countries strong against communism. He helped America look like the good side of the war for helping with capitalist countries who suffered with poverty. He also highly recommended the State Department to counter-attack the effects of Communism globally because Stalin was set on disrupting and hurting capitalist countries for Communism. George F. Kennan heavily helped in influencing the Truman Doctrine.
The Soviet Union despised capitalism, George F. Kennan knew of this so it really put him at an advantage as an American Diplomat. Most of George F. Kennan's ideas heavily influenced the Truman Doctrine and aided in containment and stopping the spread of communism.
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Answer: The hierarchical nature of the political structure was ideal for the system of indirect rule because the British could control the emirs and the emirs in turn could control their people.
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