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Ilya [14]
3 years ago
7

¿Que pasa cuando ingerimos algunas sustancias adictivas? A: Afectan nuestro sistema circulatorio B: Afectan nuestro sistema resp

iratorio C: Afectan principalmente a nuestro sistema nervioso central
Biology
1 answer:
algol133 years ago
8 0

Answer:

C: Afectan principalmente a nuestro sistema nervioso central

Explanation:

Al ingerir sustancias adictivas, el principal afectado o influenciado es el sistema nervioso. Aunque existen diversas formas de acción de las  sustancias adictivas, en general, éstas actúan afectando el pasaje dopaminérgico.  

La dopamina es un neurotransmisor liberado por el sistema nervioso central que causa sensación de placer. Es conocido como la "hormona del placer" y esta relacionado con la evolución de las adicciones. Las diversas sustancias adictivas alteran el funcionamiento normal del sistema nervioso, provocando un exceso de liberación de dopamina. Esta excesiva sensación de placer al consumir sustancias adictivas es lo que nos lleva a seguir consumiendo, para repetir la experiencia placentera, generando adicción. Al hacerlo, los mecanismos de recompensa del cerebro se ven afectados, siendo la causa del elevado nivel de dopamina en el organismo. Este aumento anormal del neurotransmisor provoca una respuesta de parte del organismo que radica en disminuir la cantidad de receptores dopaminérgicos. Al hacerlo, la persona adictas sienten menos placer y mas necesidad de consumir sustancias, para alcanzar el mismo efecto de euforia o uno incluso superior.

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