Roman citizens were divided up into two distinct classes: the plebeians and the patricians. The patricians were the wealthy upper class people. Everyone else was considered a plebeian. The patricians were the ruling class of the early Roman Empire.
In North Africa, you will fly an enchantment cover over the Sahara Desert, which traverses the entire best of the landmass, the distance from Sinai, where Moses was given the Ten Commandments, over the Nile, the longest waterway on the planet, home of the Pharaohs, to the Pillars of Hercules (now called the Strait of Gibraltar). The Sahara ranges from the remains of Carthage, which was decimated by Rome, to Timbuktu, the antiquated capital of the Songhai Empire.
As you turn south, the land develops lavish with wilderness, and you enter the Congo Rainforest, revolved around the Congo River, home of the Bantu individuals. The mouth of the Congo River was the focal point of the slave exchange courses from Africa over the Atlantic Ocean.
On the eastern drift, you will see the Horn of Africa, isolating the Gulf of Aden from the Arabian Sea. Somewhat inland starting there is the Roof of Africa, the good countries found in focal Ethiopia, managed by the relatives of the Queen of Sheba. The most noteworthy mountain in Africa is Mount Kilimanjaro, on the southern edge of those mountains.
The correct answer in my opinion would be that D is the most important factor here. But this question is quite tricky.
We can surely say for example that literature, organized schools and a hierarchy of priests are not something that constitute a civilization. Organized schools appeared to late, not every civilization had literature and having only a hierachy of priests is not enough to say you have a civilizaton.
Labor has been divided in pre-civilization hunter-gatherer societies as well.
For that reason I'd say the correct answer is D - more food than is needed for survival. Having this, the people in a certain group can focus on other things.