Answer:
The correct answer is a. absent spinal reflexes below the level of injury.
Explanation:
Spinal shock strictly refers to the neurological condition that occurs immediately after a spinal cord injury, in which the loss of not only motor and sensory functions occurs, but also the abolition of all reflexes below the injury (reflexes of muscular or myotatic stretching and cutaneous reflexes). There is also flaccidity, loss of reflexes. It is characterized by hypotension associated with cervical or upper thoracic spinal injuries. This characteristic shock results from the lesion of the descending sympathetic pathway in the spinal cord, producing a loss of vasomotor tone and sympathetic innervation of the heart. This causes vasodilation of the affected area with accumulation of blood and a decrease in venous return to the heart as well as cardiac output.
The answer to this question is the term adverse. Adverse term in treatment means an unsuitable or opposite result that a patient receives after a treatment. Adverse effect in medicine also shows a harmful or negative effect from drinking the medicine. Adverse effect is also known as a side effect.
The excessive use of water for irrigation in dry climates, with heavy soils, causes salt accumulation because they are not washed out by rainfall. The practice of waterlogging without adequate drainage has also become a serious cause of soil salinization .
