Answer:
The series of events in a story that develop a problem for the characters, lead up to a climax and provide a resolution to the problem is termed as rising action.
Explanation:
After the introduction of the characters and the setting, rising action begins. It is the series of events that allows conflicts to arise. As the characters face those conflicts, trying to solve them, tension and suspense build. When tension reaches its peak, it mean the plot has arrived at the climax. In other words, rising action is the plot itself leading to the climax.
The term that would best fit as the opposition of an argument would be a "counterclaim." By definition, a counterclaim is a term used to describe a claim wherein it serves as a "rebut" from the person that is the subject of the accusation. It is of course defined in the constitution, that the accused has the right to defend himself/herself thus making a counterclaim.
I would have to say B. But don't rely on this! Here is my explanation;
High-born would mean that he is more important or in a higher grade. In this text, he refers him to be high-born because he is rich and she loves him. He [not the high-born] Loves her so much, he is there when she is on the boat [or what he refers to], her death, and more places [I have not read this poem in a while].
Then again, don't rely on this answer! I did my best. It was either B. or C. to me. B. made more sense to me, but we are two different people!