Depolarization is initiated when there is an influx of sodium inside the cell as opposed to repolarization, where potassium exits the cell (occurring after Na+ gates close). Remember that for every 3 Na+ in, there is 2 K+ out. This imbalance helps to stabilize the membrane.
Landsteiner Bertillon devised a technique for determining the blood group of a dried bloodstain, which he applied to criminal investigations.
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What about blood group?</h3>
- According to the presence or absence of antibodies and hereditary antigenic compounds on the surface of red blood cells, blood is classified according to its type.
- Depending on the blood group system, these antigens could be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids.
- The genes that a person got from their parents determine what blood type they have.
- There are numerous systems for classifying blood types, but ABO is the most popular one.
- The ABO group is divided into four main categories: A, B, O, and AB.
- There are eight more blood types within these groupings.
- Each of the eight blood types has a particular ability to save lives.
- The majority of people (37% of the population) have the blood type O+, which is the most prevalent. This indicates that there is a greater need for this blood type for blood transfusions.
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Coenzymes
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that, themselves, do not function as catalysts (i.e. enzymes) but aid the latter in carrying out their functions. Enzymes are biological catalysts, which means that they allow reactions to occur at lower activation energies. In a way, enzymes help to "speed up" chemical reactions.
Coenzymes are mostly derived from vitamins. Examples include TPP from Vitamin B1 (thiamine), FAD from Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), and NAD+ from Niacin.
Answer:
need to be done with plenty of observation to avoid infection.
Explanation:
This technique is quite delicate because the main risk is infection. Some of the main risks are neuromuscular disease, sedation or neurological illness.
Another risk is that by passing the time, there is a difficult in respiratory, in this case, the main risk is directly to the heart, with some stoke, due to the high concentration of carbon dioxide due to the low exchange among oxygen and CO2.
Some of the indications are:
a.- Coarse crackles auscultated over trachea.
b.- Increase the respiratory pressure.
c.- Decrease tidal volume.
d.- Check the levels of oxygen in blood as in arteries.
e.- Check that patients can generate a cough.
Hope this info is useful.
Prokaryotic Cells = do not have a nucleus; generally smaller and simpler that Eukaryotic cells.
-Smaller
-does NOT have a Nucleus
-translates to ‘no Nucleus’ OR ‘no true Nucleus’
-simpler
-they don't have all of their genetic material bound in a nucleus, which is why they are simpler forms of life.
-Prokaryotic cells do have genetic information but it is just stored differently
Ex: Bacteria and Single-Celled organisms
Eukaryotic Cells = Contains a Nucleus and are usually larger and more complex than a Prokaryotic cell
-Bigger
-DOES have a Nucleus
-More Complex
-Specialized to do certain things
Ex: All the Cells in a Human’s body. Skin cells, Red Blood cells
