The correct answer is: c. Transcription
Transcription is the first step of gene expression in which DNA molecule is copied (transcribed) into RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The process of transcription is divided into three phases:
1. Initiation
• RNA polymerase with transcriptional factors bind to gene promoter
• RNA polymerase unwinds DNA double helix (transcription bubble is formed)
2. Elongation
• RNA polymerases adds nucleotides complementary to DNA
3. Termination
• RNA polymerase gets to stop codon (transcribes a sequence of DNA known as a terminator)
• Formed complementary RNA strand is released from DNA-RNA complex
Answer:
The plasmid must express a gene for ampicillin resistance (the protein product of the <em>bla</em> gene codes for beta-lactamase, the protein that breaks down ampicillin). The colonies on the ampicillin plate are antibiotic resistant. This means that they have taken up the transformed plasmids expressing both the <em>bla</em> gene and the GFP gene.
Explanation:
The transformation involved the genetic modification of a plasmid to incorporate the gene encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jelly fish. GFP makes cells glow under UV light.
In genetic engineering, scientists use antibiotic resistance as markers to indicate cells that have been transformed. By incorporating an antibiotic resistance gene such as <em>bla</em> into the vector (plasmid) and then growing the cells in antibiotic media, scientists determine which colonies have taken up the plasmid. Therefore, if the cells survive, this means that they contain the plasmid with antibiotic resistance gene as well as the GFP gene.
Answer:
The correct option is D.
Explanation:
In the year 1952, two scientists, Hershey and Chase conducted a series of experiments that helped to establish the fact that DNA is a genetic material. The DNA is located inside the nucleus of living cells in form of chromosomes and its the determinant of traits that are found in living organisms. During protein synthesis, the information in the DNA molecule is encoded into an RNA molecule and this is used in the production of protein, thus, DNA actually directs all the happen in the living cells.
<span>All the options (heat, pressure, deposition and chemical environment) are correct.<span>
Metamorphic rocks are formed when pre-existing rocks are subjected to heat, pressure and hot mineral rich fluids which cause physical, chemical and mineralogical changes to the rock. Metamorphic rocks are grouped by chemical, texture and mineralogy. The common metamorphic rocks include schist, marble, and gneiss.
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Answer:
The answer is the cerebrum.
Explanation:
The brain consists of the following parts; the cerebrum, cerebellum and the brainstem.
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain located in front. It has two large hemispheres joined by the corpus callosum. The cerebrum has four lobes including frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. Functions include: initiation and coordination of movement, memory, touch, hearing etc
The brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. Controls involuntary muscle movements, cardiac function, sneezing etc.
The cerebellum located at the back of the head has two hemispheres. It is controls voluntary muscle movement, posture, balance and equilibrium.
