Give an example of each type of macromolecule.

1 answer:

8 0

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are polymers of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Carbohydrates are found in starch, fruits, vegetables, milk and sugars. They are an important source of a healthy diet.

Nucleic Acids

The nucleic acids include DNA and RNA that are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleotides comprise a pentose group, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base group. All the hereditary information is stored in the DNA. The DNA synthesised into RNA and proteins.

Proteins

Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. These include the carboxylic and the amino group. There would be no lipids or carbohydrates without proteins because the enzymes used for their synthesis are proteins themselves.

Lipids

Lipids are a hydrophobic set of macromolecules, i.e., they do not dissolve in water. These involve triglycerides, carotenoids, phospholipids, and steroids. They help in the formation of the cell membrane, formation of hormones and in the and as stored fuel.

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A cellular structure that can be found in each type of cell that is unique to each type of cell, but that has a similar function

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Complex barrier to the flow of substances out of the cells,and restrictions to inflow of unwanted substances into the cells. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature of the cell membrane controls the entry of substances from the extracellular medium into the intracellualr. In addition the polarity restricts certain substance movement across the walls.

Serve as the selective channels for the influx of certain substances into the cells, and the out flux of wastes.This is through ion channels for the movements of ions across.

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Separation of metabolic process in the cell.

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