Answer:
11. This is totally correct (See attached image)
12. Consider Age.
Suppose, we want to test H0: mean age(White)=mean age(Black) against H1: mean age(White)>mean age(Black) and we find the one sided p value (which is just half of the 2 tailed p value) less than 5% and hence the difference is significant
Consider Father education.
Suppose, we want to test H0: mean years of father's education(White)=mean years of father's education(Black) against H1: mean years of father's education(White)>mean years of father's education(Black) and we find the one sided p value (which is just half of the 2 tailed p value) less than 5% and hence the difference is significant
Consider Highest year of school completed.
Suppose, we want to test H0: mean completion(White)=mean completion(Black) against H1: mean completion(White)>mean completion(Black) and we find the one sided p value (which is just half of the 2 tailed p value) less than 5% and hence the difference is significant
Thus, we find significant difference with respect to education and life expectancy. However, it is difficult to comment on racial inequality, it requires further information on whether equal opportunity was available for both and some related administrative information.
