Answer:
All of these infant traits can influence their care-giving environment and personality development.
Explanation:
Genotype is the genetic constituent of the individual whereas the phenotype is the physical constitution or physical appearance of the individual. The genetics studies these inheritance patterns of the phenotype and genotype.
Some traits are completely determined by the genotype of the individual. But some traits are also influenced by the environmental factors as well. The phenotype of the individual in this case depends on both the genotype as well as on the environmental factors that can influence the personality development as well.
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
I believe it would be a vertical relationship.
1. In Denmark a 4 year old boy goes to day care, learns, goes home, watches tv while his parents cook dinner, plays a game with his dad, goes to bed at 8pm (mom reads story, gives him a kiss, and wishes him goodnight) Lars played with air planes
2. In a Mayan village in Guatemala 5 year old Mari helps mom cook, holds 2 year old brother away from fire (responsible to keep him safe), father comes home for midday meal. Mari continues to work w/ mom and care for little brother; fetches wood and water; aunt and cousin comes to play and pretend to make dolls take tortillas to sell; Mari's older sister sells tortilla but it will be Mari's duty soon; at night family gathers at ever-smoldering fire and Mari sits in dads lap, the next morning she wakes and doesn't remember falling asleep next to her sister
3. Sleeping alone Lars learns individualism, Mari sleeps with others and learns that she is always intertwined with others in bonds of mutual support and obligation