Longitudinal Study or research is a type of observational research (study) in which specific subjects (variables) are observed and data is gathered on them over a period of time. In this case, the subjects being observed are the premature children, the data collected on them are their intellectual growth and this research was carried out over the period of Eighteen (18) years.
The hospital because everyday and night they are helping people and trying to find cure's to bad illnesses.The hospitals also help cure patients with lung cancer and breast cancer. (Hope that helped! sorry if it didnt)