It is needed by all living things and every living cell to carry out life processes, such as breaking down and building up molecules, and transporting many molecules across cell membranes. The form of energy that living things need for these processes is chemical energy, and it comes from food.
Answer:
This process is known as evidence-based argumentation. The figure below explains the three components of a scientific argument - the claim (or the explanation), the evidence (or the observations), and the rationale (or the reasoning). Reasoning that explains the evidence and why it supports the claim
Explanation:
Lactase refers to an enzyme that can dissociate lactose sugar into glucose and galactose. This enzyme plays an important role in the digestion of milk that comprises high lactose sugar. In case, if a mutation occurs in the gene codon of lactase, then two possibilities can take place. These are as follows:
1. Loss of mutation: In this case, the person becomes lactose intolerant because of mutation in lactase gene codon. Due to this, there is low mRNA expression and thus low production of the enzyme lactase. This is also known as lactase non-persistent phenotype.
2. Gain in mutation: In this case, the person gain an increase in mRNA expression of the lactase gene, thus more production of lactase takes place than usual. This kind of individual exhibits lactase persistent phenotype.
<h2>Galapagos Finch </h2>
Explanation:
Darwin's finches are a classical example of an adaptive radiation
- Darwin's finches common ancestor arrived on the Galapagos about two million years ago,during the time that has passed the Darwin's finches have evolved into 15 recognized species differing in body size, beak shape, song and feeding behavior
- Changes in size and form of the beak have enabled different species to utilize different food resources such us insects, seeds, nectar from cactus flowers all driven by Darwinian selection
- From 1831 to 1836, Darwin was part of a survey expedition carried out by the ship HMS Beagle, which included stops in South America, Australia, and the southern tip of Africa
- At each of the stop, Darwin had the opportunity to study the local plants and animals
- Darwin found that nearby islands in the Galapagos had similar but nonidentical species of finches living on them,he noted that each finch species was well-suited for its environment and role
- For example species that ate large seeds tended to have large, tough beaks, while those that ate insects had thin, sharp beaks
- According to Darwin's idea, this pattern would make sense if the Galapagos Islands had long ago been populated by birds from the neighboring mainland
- On each island, the finches might have gradually adapted to local conditions (over many generations and long periods of time)
- This process could have led to the formation of one or more distinct species on each island
- Darwin developed and refined a set of ideas that could explain the patterns he had observed during his voyage
- In his book, On the Origin of Species, Darwin outlined his two key ideas: evolution and natural selection
- Natural selection which also known as “survival of the fittest,” is the more prolific reproduction of individuals with favorable traits that survive environmental change because of those traits; this leads to evolutionary change
