Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
a. are a valid way to measure a person's inborn intelligence
Explanation:
IQ testing is an important tool for measuring an individual's innate intellectual abilities, as long as its content is not limited to just one area of knowledge. Cognitive ability is related to hereditary and cultural characteristics that can be inherited or developed throughout life. Over the years, experts have developed techniques for measuring individual intellect.
The tool is used to obtain an intelligence indicator for different purposes. Following the original idea of the test, its application may be necessary to identify children with attention deficit or who are in a more advanced learning process than other students.
The IQ test is also used to diagnose issues related to an individual's behavior and conduct, and to support a job selection process.
It eats a lot that's how it changes colors
Scientists think that dolphins and whales may have evolved from a common ancestor because they have similar anatomies.
<h3>What is a common ancestor?</h3>
A common means different animals now, have evolved from a single ancestor or animal.
These animals may share common characters and structures.
Whales, dolphins, and porpoises are evolved from a common ancestor; cetacean.
The animals that evolved from cetaceans are all aquatic, primitive cetaceans were amphibians too.
Thus, They have similar anatomies.
Learn more about ancestors
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The answer is D, all of the above.
