The change in the understanding of the natural world and human society was led by the concepts like Renaissance and Reformation in the early modern period.
<h3>Who were Europeans?</h3>
Europeans were those people who lived in Europe such as french, dutch, Portuguese, Britishers, Danes etc who came to trade and acquire the territories of the other nation in order to establish political power.
Renaissance led to the rebirth of the European civilizations which had the impact in the modern era in terms of politically, socially and economically. Industrial revolution took place in Britain which was followed by the french revolution in 1789.
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The north because the south was a slave stase
Philosophes help to understand everything in a different way
Constantine because there was a conference in 326