Answer:
According to collision- coalescence theory, formation of raindrop from cloud droplets occurs when cloud droplets collide and coalesce or stick together.
Explanation:
- The only significant difference between a raindrop and a cloud droplet is that a raindrop consist of a velocity that is non-negligible during the fall.
- Larger droplets having higher terminal velocities fall faster and collide with smaller droplets. Often the cloud droplets stick together and coalesce to form a larger droplet.
- This starts a chain reaction where these bigger droplets fall even rapidly, collide with the other droplets in their path and merge with these droplets.
I think the answer would be treating each other nicely
G1 = no
G2 = yes it will be in the beginning
S = yes.
M = yes
Hopefully this helped
The troposphere is B.The stratosphere is A.The mesosphere is C.The thermosphere is D.
Answer and Explanation:
a. Why would such a heat-stable polymerase be beneficial in PCR?
- Because in PCR, DNA is heated up 95 °C to denature DNA (see first figure)
b. What would happen if it weren’t heat stable?
- If it weren't heat stable we had to add it in every PCR cycle and please note that PCR can take 20 to 35 cycles. Imagine being researcher that you need to open 20 small tubes every 5 minutes and add polymerase enzyme into these tubes for 20 to 35 times. It is very labor intensive and Taq polymerase relives the researchers from this work.
c. How might you choose a region of DNA for a PCR primer so as to increase the temperature necessary for primer annealing (to minimize nonspecific PCR products)?
- You need to calculate melting temperature (Tm) of your primers and use the calculated values to prevent non specific bindings. Primers usually binds non-specifically if the low annealing temperature is used (lower than 5 °C of your Tm value)
d. A PCR reaction begins with 5 double stranded segment of DNA. Estimate the number of double-stranded copies of DNA that are present after the completion of 15 amplification cycles?
In every amplification cycle copies of DNA are doubled. So the answer is 5 x 2^15.