Answer:
a. Analytical review of loan agreement.
Inquiry from management about the loans and its covenants.
Observing the management behavior towards covenants.
Inspecting the effects of each covenant on business activities.
b. According to IAS 24, related party transactions the loan from president should be disclosed.
Explanation:
Loans are a source of funding to a business. Many organizations prefers high debt funding as it is a cheap source of finance. On the other hand high debt companies are considered as risky. When an auditor analyses the loan covenants he must ensure that he reads the complete agreement and analyses the effects that each covenant has on the company's performance. Loan covenants are always considered as flagged as this is an important area which requires detailed audit. In the given scenario the loans are taken against company's inventory and receivable accounts which is a threat to company's working capital. There are covenants imposed not to distribute any dividend to shareholders. These will create a liquidity position for a company if the loan is not paid on time and company will not have sufficient amount of working capital to fund its routine expenses and business operations.
b. IAS 24 provides detailed guidance on discloses for transaction involving related party. The president of a company has provided loan to the company this should be disclosed in the notes. The transaction should be in the arms length and disclosures should be made for every transaction.
Answer:
a) Growth rate of earnings
using the sustainable growth rate formula which is the maximum growth rate that a company can sustain without external financing:
Growth rate = ROE * (1 - retention rate)
= 15% * (1 - 40%)
= 15% * 60%
= 9%
(Retention rate = 2/5 * 100 = 40%)
b) Price of equity using dividend growth model:
P₀ = D₀ (1 + g) / (re – g)
D₀ = the current dividend (whether just paid or just about to be paid) = $3
g = the expected dividend future growth rate = from A above (9%)
re = the cost of equity = 12%
= 3 (1 + 0.09) / (0.12 - 0.09)
= $109
c) Price of equity
P₀ = D₀ (1 + g) / (re – g)
= 4 (1 + 0.09) / (0.12 - 0.09)
= $145.33
Explanation:
At the estimated growth rate of 9%, should DFB increase the dividend payout, the price of equity would amount to $145.33 which is higher than the previous price of $109, so DFB is advised to raise its dividend
William Ibbs, a professor at the university of California at Berkeley, found that high project management maturity results in lower direct costs of project management.
Project management is the process of directing the work of a team to achieve all project goals within given constraints. This information is typically documented in the project documentation created at the beginning of the development process. The main constraints are scope, time and budget.
Project management is the application of processes, methods, skills, knowledge and experience to achieve specific project objectives within agreed parameters and according to project acceptance criteria. Project management has the end result of being constrained by tight time frames and budgets.
Learn more about project management here:brainly.com/question/17310758
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Answer:
true
Explanation:
its true because if you look at your computer it goes left to right ,top to bottom . Also because you can turn on your flipagram
Answer:
<u>Seniors </u>
Explanation:
The seniors generational cohorts refers to the generation that preceded the generation of baby boomers classified as those individuals who were born between 1946 and 1964.
The seniors generation is habitually complaining, something inherited from their witnessing times of wars and periods of uncertainties and financial distress.
This generation commands respect, special attention and at the same time are more miserly in their spending habits.
Also a common observation being, these individuals are not well familiar and adept with technological advancements such as gadgets, systems and modern day appliances in the sense they require more time to get used to them.
