Once infected cells have sensed an invading pathogen, they secrete molecules called cytokines and chemokines. Cytokines such as interferons are molecules that signal neighbouring cells and induce an antiviral state in them. These cells are then primed to resist an infection with the invading virus.
Answer:
Hey Lilly, so did you know that twin studies have been conducted for more than 50 years but there is still some debate in terms of how much the variation is due to genetic or environmental factors. Identical twins are good for the "Age old Question" because "Twins" have been the main method for researching the genetic and environmental sources of variation between humans for a long time because of the availability that they give.
Explanation:
I hope I helped you, and u can chat me if you want me to explain a little more for you :)
Answer: dependency is more likely in cultures where access to alcohol is carefully controlled.
Explanation:
Studies have shown that in cultures where access to alcohol is carefully controlled and viewed as a sign of adulthood, dependency is more likely than in cultures where alcohol is used in religious and ceremonial activities.
This has been put down to people tending to abuse alcohol when they get access to it as opposed to cultures where it is readily available.
Answer:
B
External Chemoreceptors are associated with taste and smell. These senses are controlled by your olfactory and gustatory nerves.
