Answer:
Dante was the first writer to depict human beings as the products of a specific time, place and circumstance as opposed to mythic archetypes or a collection of vices and virtues; this along with the fully imagined world of the Divine Comedy, different from our own but fully visualized, suggests that the Divine Comedy could be said to have inaugurated realism and self-portraiture in modern fiction.
He’s bleeding I believe is the answer.
Many of the metaphors relate to actual events or characters because the book is about stalinism during wwII
I'd say 3,4, and 5, but an argument can be made for 2. Also Hans Zimmer is an international treasure. Hope this helped.