Answer: The Judiciary Act of 1789, officially titled "An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States," was signed into law by President George Washington on September 24, 1789. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, but left to Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed.
Yes the atom bomb significantly made the U.S. a more powerful country until the Soviet Union created their own. But I think the differing ideologies with both countries fearing and hating each other caused more tension and weapons to be made.