The elements calcium, gold, iron and sodium are all metals. They all have a tendency to donate their valance electrons, rather than acquiring additional valance electrons. They all form metallic bonds, in the form of a shared electron cloud. They all have the electrical conductivity and metallic luster which comes with metallic bonds.
The answer is a bit ambiguous since the kinetic molecular theory refers to the behavior of gas molecules, and says that these are in continuous and random motion. All substances with certain conditions of temperature and pressure can be taken to a gaseous state, so I could tell you that this answer is true.
B, more kinetic energy means more collisions and thus more reactions according to collision theory.
A positively charged nucleus with two protons and two neutrons hope this helps :)
