Tourism - minority languages have become part of the tourist landscape because tourists want to see something authentic.
Nationalism - some independent states reestablish the indigenous language as a statement of political and cultural independence
.
Modern Electronic communications - rise of mass personal communications tools such as the telephone, Internet can make minority groups to resist the power of mass media and maintain their language.
Answer:
c) obtain energy, produce offspring, maintain their structure
Throughout the history we can see a trend of giving citizenship to more and more people, rather than just to elites. For example, in the early stages of history only men possessed citizenship, and also significant portions of societies did not have the country's citizenship, such as in the case of slaves.