It is sometimes considered in the middle east so yes
GDP (Gross market value) measures the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time.
GNP (Gross National Product) measures the market value of all final goods and services produced by a country's citizens or residents. The difference is subtle but important.
GNP excludes economic activity that occurs for example in the U.S. but is owned by foreigners and includes American economic activity that occurs in other countries.
GDP is place based whereas GNP is ownership based. Thus if a foreigner starts a company in Silicon valley, this will count as GDP, but not GNP. If General Electric opens a new plant in India, this investment will be included in GNP but not GDP.
The rigid portion of earth composed of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle is the lithosphere.
The solid and outer part of the Earth is referred to as lithosphere. The lithosphere constitutes the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust which is the outermost layer amongst all the layers of Earth’s structure. The lithosphere can be further divided into two categories. One is the oceanic lithosphere and the other is continental lithosphere.
Oceanic lithosphere is associated with oceanic crust. They are found in the ocean basins. Continental lithosphere is associated with the continental crust.
Learn more about lithosphere here
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<span>The question is asking us which country had Fiji been ceded to by the late 19th century. If you look at Fiji's flag, you will see Union Jack, so it already suggests that it used to be a British colony. In fact, it became a British colony in 1874 and remained subjugated to the UK until 1970, when it achieved independence - so the answer is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as it was known then)</span>
So, the question is asking: why has (over the course of human history) rural settlement declined (and it is suggested that this is connected to humans moving away from the rural areas, to urban areas, rather than human population declining in general:
this process is called urbanization and its major cause is that on the one hand, food in the industrialized societies can be produced more effectively so there is less work on farm, and on the other hand the service sector has increased, which means that there is more work in the cities.