The slave trade had many effects on Africa. Most of them were, of course, negative, though we can argue that the slave trade was positive for some African states at least in the short term.
One negative about the slave trade was that it tended to increase the amount of war that occurred in West Africa. The reason for this is that European (and American) slave traders did not simply go out into the African countryside and kidnap their own slaves. Instead, they bought slaves from the coastal kingdoms. Those kingdoms generally got slaves to sell through war and through raiding against inland tribes. Because the slave traders wanted more slaves, the coastal kingdoms were encouraged to wage more wars and conduct more raids against their neighbors. In addition, those kingdoms were provided with things like guns in exchange for slaves. This helped those kingdoms have more of a capability of waging war.
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Soviet leader Josef Stalin
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Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign was a successful campaign for Reagan and his running mate George H. W. Bush's election and president and vice president of the United States. They defeated the incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter and Vice President Walter Mondale. Reagan, a Republican and former Governor of California announced his third presidential bid in a nationally televised speech from New York City. He campaigned extensively for the primaries after losing the Iowa caucus to Bush. In a republican debate in Nashua before the New Hampshire primary, when the moderator requested his microphone to be turned off, he furiously replied "I am paying for this microphone, Mr. Breen!". In the end, he won 44 states and 59.8% of the vote. He initially decided to nominate former President Gerald Ford as his running mate, but Ford wanted to be given such extended power as vice president (especially over the foreign policy) that their ticket would effectively amount to "co-presidency". As a result, negotiations to form a Reagan-Ford ticket ceased. Bush then selected former CIA director and George H. W. Bush as the vice presidential nominee.
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Vatican II was a time of great change in the Catholic Church, as it allowed for a modernization of the entire liturgy of the church. Being Catholic, at that time, represented being modernized together with the church and this affected the entire religious life of these individuals, who from Vatican II would participate in the masses, would have a full view of the altar, heard the mass in the vernacular and would see a church more globalized and tolerant, even with women who would not need such a rigid dress during masses.
