D.Plants take in water for photosynthesis.
the rest are influenced by their habitat
a)The pros of replacing zn2+ by cd2+ is that Zn metallothionein was able to efficiently compete with Cd2+, Zn2+ was restored to these proteins for the first time. When Zn2+ is exclusively coupled to Cys-thiolate in mammalian metallothionein, clusters are formed that are both kinetically labile and thermodynamically stable for the metal.
The cons of replacing zn2+ by cd2+ is Cd2+ damages kidney proximal tubule cells
b) Co and Zn can completely replace one another, with the possible exception of minor individual needs that can be satisfied
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Evolutionary theory focuses on the long term adaptation of the species over more generations. Every species has 2 long-standing biologically based drives: survival and reproduction. Other answers are not biologically based drives for every species.
Answer:
A ) survival and reproduction.