1. To determine theme, start by figuring out the main idea. Then keep looking around the poem for details such as the structure, sounds, word choice, and any poetic devices.
2. The main thing to remember about topic is that it pertains to the story's “what.” It's driven by facts and specifics, whereas theme deals with the big picture and overall meaning that reveal why the story matters.
3. the characters, the setting, the plot, the conflict, and the resolution.
I think that one of the misconceptions that Columbus had about the world is that it was flat when as we know now it's very much not. I hope this helps :)
