Answer:
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a very high molecular weight mitochondrial multienzyme complex.It includes three types of enzymes that need the participation of five coenzymes to develop their activity, three of them catalytic cofactors (TPP, lipoamide, FAD) and two stoichiometric (NAD and CoA). Two enzymes involved in regulating its activity are also part of the enzyme complex.
Explanation:
PDH is a multienzyme complex formed by multiple copies of three catalytic proteins (E1, E2 and E3) and other structural and regulatory (phosphatase, kinase). It requires, in turn, different coenzymes (thiamine, lipoic acid) for its proper functioning. Given its enormous importance at a key point in energy production, it is highly regulated.
E1 depends on thiamine pyrophosphate and catalyzes 2 stages: 1) decarboxylation of pyruvate, forming a hydroxyethyl-thiamine-diphosphate intermediate; 2) reductive acetylation of the lipoyl group, covalently linked (amide) to E2.
E2 catalyzes the transfer of the acetyl group to CoA (3). E3 regenerates the oxidized lipoyl, transferring its electrons first to FAD and then to NAD.
There is variation within the population, due to a mutation. The selection pressure is the drug. The microbes that have the advantageous gene which makes them resistant to the drug are selected for, and reproduce passing on the gene, increasing its allele frequency within the population over time. However, the microbes that do not have the advantageous gene, cannot survive and their number decreases within the popullation.
Answer:
The Cre-lox system triggers recombination of the androgen receptor gene in muscle cells
Explanation:
The Cre-lox system is capable of producing site-specific recombination events in a given DNA region. This technique enables the spatial and temporal control of target gene expression. The Cre-lox system contains a recombinase enzyme (Cre recombinase) that allows the recombination of specific nucleotide sequences (LoxP sequences), being thus used to produce genetic modifications (i.e., insertions, deletions, translocations, inversions, etc.) at target loci where LoxP sequences were inserted.
Hi there!
For all organisms to survive, they start off with sunlight. That's the main and immediate source of energy to any organism(s).
Sunlight gives warmth and energy and light of course.
Hope this helps!
Explanation:
The similarity between tropic and nastic movement is - both are the result of external stimulus and the difference between tropic and nastic movement is the direction of the response is not dependent on the direction of the stimulus in the case of nastic movement but in the case of tropic movement, the response is dependent on the moment.
