<em>The correct choice is option B. Growth</em>
The American demographer Warren Thompson observed changes, or transitions, in birth and death rates in industrialized societies over the previous 200 years, as a result of such observations he proposed, in 1929, a theory called Demographic transition (DT). This theory explains the transition from high birth and death rates, in pre-industrial economic systems, to lower birth and death rates in industrialized economic systems.
This demographic transition theory involves four stages. Specifically,<em> the second stage is characterized by a fall in death rates due to improvements in food supply and sanitation, which leads to an increase (or growth) in population as well as in life expectancies. </em>
Advances in technology lead to advances in science, which lead to advances in technology.
