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Antibiotics are, initially, molecules naturally synthesized by microorganisms to fight against bacteria competing with their environment. This created a pressure of selection on the bacterial populations, leading to the appearance of resistant strains. In fact, when an antibiotic is used, only bacteria with defense systems against this molecule survive (and reproduce).
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Answer:
Four factors believed to cause microevolution are natural selection, mutation, gene drift and gene flow (migration). Many occurrences of these four factors result in macroevolution. 3. The allele frequency of genes in a population that has undergone microevolution slightly change.Explanation:
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The decay of Francium produces radium-223 (Ra-223) through a beta decay or into astatine-219 through an alpha decay. The atomic number of Francium is 87, and that of Astatine is 85.
<h3>What is beta decay?</h3>
Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta ray is emitted from the nucleus of an atom. During the beta decay, a proton in the nucleus is transformed into a neutron and vice versa which results into change in the number of proton in the nucleus. If a proton is converted to a neutron, then it is said to be β+ decay. And, if a neutron is converted to a proton, then it is said to be β– decay.
In this reaction, an atom of Francium (Fr-223) is undergoing a beta decay to produce radium (Ra-88) by the conversion of a neutron into a proton.
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