Answer:
Reticular activating system (RAS)
Explanation:
The type of mutation that results in the formation of a protein with one incorrect amino acid is called missense mutations. It is a mutation where a single nucleotide changes the results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid.
Answer:
Sickle cell disease in an autosomal recessive inherited disease which is caused by the mutation in the HBB (hemoglobin-β gene) gene present on the chromosome no. 11. In sickle cell, the red blood cells become sickle shape due to the abnormal shape of hemoglobin present in it.
These sickle cells are known to form a blockage in the blood vessels thereby causing damage to the vital organs. Human spleen constantly destroys sickle cells because they get trapped in it which causes a disease called sickle cell anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is normally the problem in genetic disease which is inherited from the parents to children. When both the DNA strand has a mutation in their HBB gene then only this disease will affect the individual.
Answer:
The miRNAs act as post-transcriptional silencers, as they are similar to specific mRNAs and regulate their stability and translation. They are small endogenous non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules, with about 22 nucleotides, which act as regulators of gene expression in plants and animals, at the post-transcriptional level through the cleavage of a target messenger RNA (mRNA) or repression of translation.
In general, most miRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II in the nucleus in primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs). Individually, a pri-miRNA can produce a single miRNA or contain groups of two or more miRNAs that are processed from a common primary transcript. These long pri-miRNA are cleaved by a complex comprising the double-stranded RNAse III enzyme (DROSHA) and its essential cofactor, the binding protein DGCR8 (DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region 8 protein) in mammals. DROSHA contains two domains of RNAse III, each of which cleaves a strand of the RNA resulting in the precursor microRNA (pre-miRNA) with about 70 base pairs, which contains a double-stranded stretch and a single-stranded loop, forming a structure in clamp. The pre-miRNA is exported to the cytoplasm by the protein exportin-5 (XPO-5), where it is cleaved by DICER1, an RNAse III that assesses the 3 'and 5' ends of the pre-miRNA, generating a mature miRNA with about 22 nucleotides. The processing of pre-miRNA by Dicer promotes the unfolding of the RNA duplex in the form of a clamp. The position in the formation of the clamp can also influence the choice of tape.
Explanation:
Most likely Insulin because they decrease it rather than increase it
