Answer:
<u>Proto-oncogenes</u>
- These genes code for protein that normally promote cell division
- Mutations that increase activity of these genes may lead to cancer
<u>Tumor suppressor genes</u>
- These genes code for protein that normally prevent uncontrolled cell division
- Some products of these genes normally function in repairing damaged DNA
- Mutation that decrease activity of these genes may lead to cancer.
Explanation:
<em>Proto-oncogenes</em> are group of genes that ordinarily help cells develop. At the point when a proto-oncogene mutates or there are such a large number of duplicates of it, it turns into a "terrible" quality that can turn out to be forever turned on or activated when it shouldn't be. At the point when this occurs, the cell becomes wild, which can prompt malignant growth. This terrible quality is called an oncogene.
Tumor suppressor genes are normal gene that hinder cell division, fix DNA missteps, or tell cell when to undergo apoptosis (die). At the point when tumor suppressor gene don't work appropriately or inactivated, cells can develop uncontrollable growth, that ultimately lead to cancer.
Circulation of chemical nutrients such as oxygen,carbon,phosphorus,nitrogen,water, and calcium. Through the biological and physical world are known as biogeochemical cycles.
Answer:
Glucose
Explanation:
The brain is an energy-hungry organ. Despite comprising only 2 percent of the body’s weight, the brain gobbles up more than 20 percent of daily energy intake. Because the brain demands such high amounts of energy, the foods we consume greatly affect brain function, including everything from learning and memory to emotions.
Just like other cells in the body, brain cells use a form of sugar called glucose to fuel cellular activities. This energy comes from the foods we consume daily and is regularly delivered to brain cells (called neurons) through the blood.
Studies suggest the quality of the foods consumed over a lifetime affects the structure and function of the brain. For instance, the consumption of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish provides structural material to maintain neurons. Studies also suggest omega-3 fatty acids are essential for the transmission of information between brain cells. In contrast, foods that are rich in sugars and saturated fats have been found to promote oxidative stress, which leads to damage to cell membranes.
The food you eat also affects molecules in the brain that support cognition. Some foods, such as those with turmeric, support cognition by helping to maintain molecular events related to energy metabolism.
Recent studies suggest lifestyle choices that affect the metabolism of nerve cells, such as diet and exercise, may in some cases provide a non-invasive and effective strategy to counteract neurological and cognitive disorders.
I believe the answer is Government subsidies. A subsidy is the form of cash payment or a tax reduction. It is normally given to remove some type of burden, and it is often considered to be in the overall interest of the public, given to promote a social good or economic policy. Tax subsidy; the government can create the same outcome through selective tax breaks as through cash payment. For example, suppose a government sends monetary assistance that reimburses 15% of all health expenditures to a group that is paying 15% income tax. Tax subsidies are also known as tax expenditures.
