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Semi-conservative replication is meant for the description of DNA replication and it i s called so because parent DNA helix produces two copies of original DNA, one of which consist of original DNA.
The three main steps in DNA replication includes Initiation, Elongation and Termination.
In the initiation phase, replication begins at origin of replication where helicase enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs and tends to unwind the double helix where the topoisomerase stabilizes the newly formed single strand DNA. DNA polymerase allows elongation to occur in leading direction and catalyses the addition of new nucleotide to new single strands. short sequences of RNA called primers paired to template strands with the help of primase. replication of both strands occurs at the same time one in continuous (3'-5') and other in discontinuous (5'-3') direction, which are called leading strands. new nucleotides added in 3' end and moving to replication fork while discontinuous synthesis occur on parent strand (5'-3') called lagging strand and completed in segments called okazaki fragments. Then primase add primers ahead at 5' end of the lagging strand. DNA polymerase ||| adds short sequences of nucleotides to the primer. During termination, exonuclease replaces DNA primer and DNA nucleotide and DNA ligase helps in making bonding between fragments and replaced nucleotide. Another exonuclease helps in proofreading the newly formed DNA and corrects the errors in sequences. At the end of the parent strands, telomeres are present which keeps on catalyzing by telomerase and completes, the formation of copies of parent DNA.
Answer:
Calvin cycle consists of three main steps, i.e. carbon fixation, reduction and regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate. At the end of reduction G3P is removed from the Calvin cycle and is used in the production of glucose.
The fungi that are most commercially important are slims, molds, and mushrooms. I think
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cartilage: firm, whitish, flexible connective tissue found in various forms in the larynx and respiratory tract, in structures such as the external ear, and in the articulating surfaces of joints. It is more widespread in the infant skeleton, being replaced by bone during growth.
nucleoplasm:the substance of a cell nucleus, especially that not forming part of a nucleolus.
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