For example: GGATACCTAGGTAAT
Insertion: GGAT<u>G</u>ACCTAGGTAAT
a nucleotide that was not present before is inserted into the original sequence
Substitution: <u>C</u>GATACCTAGGTAAT
the first nucleotide was substituted in for another (C for G)
Frameshift (basically a insertion or deletion, we'll try deletion here): GATACCTAGGTAAT
the first nucleotide was deleted, causing the reading frame to be shifted (instead of GGA as the first codon, we have GAT)
The term in question is referred to as osmoregulation.
Since water and its soluted metabolites are key to the survival and normal function of the cell, there are many membrane proteins that regulate the exchange of water, ions and other osmolites between the cell and its surroundings.
Answer:B
Explanation:
The first stage of photosynthesis is the light reaction which occur in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Solar energy of light captured by chlorophylls, and is used to produce high-energy electrons of which in a series of reactions produces ATP and NADPH.
In the dark reaction of photosynthesis the ATP and NADPH are used to reduce CO2 to produce sugar
Should be A the newer layers are usually on top
<span>This indicates that energy consumption could have fluctuated. </span>
