Answer:
B. high hopes of success induced high levels of cortisol.
Explanation:
A large body of evidence is dedicated to elucidating the relationship between pain and stress. Numerous prospective studies have reported baseline anxiety scores to be significant predictors of pain, depression, and a reduced quality of life. Importantly, pain itself is a stressor, and a maladaptive response to acute pain may intensify the pain experience and condition a sensitized physiologic stress response to pain-provoking stimuli. Exaggerated, prolonged, or recurrent activation of a sensitized stress response to pain or non–pain-related stressors may initiate or exacerbate pain and disability. Although the relationship between pain and stress is widely accepted, the underlying neuroendocrine mechanisms involved are less understood.
Answer:
most imperial bureaucrats left, leaving few experienced bureaucrats in these countries.
Explanation:
Usually, bureaucracy refers to an institution with complex multilayered structures and processes. These processes and procedures are required to ensure consistency and control within the institution. Bureaucracies continue to seek staff with sophisticated experience in education and skills specific to the organizations or divisions they are appointed to. many countries got independence but in the process, their bureaucratic system got disrupted mostly because the transition was not smooth and well organized.
Humans make use of our understanding of social structure it helps us understand how we fit into groups and how to behave appropriately within those groups.
In the social sciences, social structure is the totality of structured social arrangements in society, arising from and determined by individual behavior.
The main components of social structure are positions, roles, social networks, groups and organizations, social institutions and societies. Specific types of status include attributed status, achievement status, and master status.
Social structure determines people's behavior. An individual's place in the social structure (social class, social status, role played, culture, group, social system) underlies his or her perceptions, attitudes, and behavior.
Learn more about social structure brainly.com/question/5777187
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Answer:
In simple words, The exploitation of consistency influenced quite well how frequently children became able to halt fulfillment and how longer the fulfillment could be postponed.
By contrast, atmosphere manipulation doubled waiting periods in the stable situation and cut in half the period in the inaccurate scenario. Earlier studies which examined the impact of learning waiting techniques to children reported fewer results, the authors claim.
Answer: Option (B). Being abandoned by our friends, we feel great sorrow.
Explanation: Being abandoned by our friends is the cause of great sorrow for us; Being abandoned by our friends, we feel great sorrow. Option B is the correct answer in the options given because it best explain the context given
