Answer:
primary succession takes longer
Explanation:
Primary succession is built from the ground up, whereas secondary succession is built from an already existing civilization.
Organisms breathe oxygen and drink water. Water and oxygen are nonliving things. ☺♥
Answer: The shoot grows up towards the sunlight is Positive Phototropism
The root grows down the soil is Positively Geotropism / positive gravitropism.
happy to help again :)