Is very simple, although the term "chaser" may not be as commonly used as it was when John Collier wrote his story. A chaser is a drink that is taken to follow the first alcoholic drink.
This would be a metaphor since Jeremy is compared to a hawk, not literally applicable
<span>O heavy lightness! serious vanity!
</span><span>O brawling love! O loving hate!
</span><span>Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire,
sick health!
Still-waking sleep,
All of the above are oxymorons. An oxymoron is simply something that is a contradiction to itself. Feathers are light, but here they call them lead which implies they are heavy. And when does love hate? Etc...
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Jobless
Little pay
Unsafe working conditions
I would say that remedy/recompense is the correct answer. Recompense means to compensate or make amends.