Genetics was the key information that was not known during Darwin’s time.
Liquid as first of all, the particles aren't compact ( which would mean solid) nor are they spread out ( which would mean gas) nor is it plasma as we aren't given protons or electrons.
The answer is C. The phenomena occur in plant leaves and help water transportation in xylem tissues is photosynthesis and transpiration. A balance between these two phenomena is important to maintain balance in the plant's life.